windows can detect it but can NOT read it, looks the firmware is gone

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If Windows detects your drive but can’t read it, start by checking Disk Management to see if it appears and try assigning a new drive letter. You can also use repair tools like CHKDSK or third-party software to fix partition issues.
For file recovery, you can use data recovery software like Stellar Data Recovery, Recoverit, or Recuva. If none of this works, you might need to format the drive, though this will erase all data.