With the CD drive it sounds like a U3 Cruzer.
Getting disconnected immediately would sound like a antivirus security problem but you said it happens on multiple machines so unless all the machines have the same AV I don’t think that is the problem.
So we are left with a problem with the Cruzer.
If it is shorted out there isn’t much you can do, unless it’s a dead spider in which case clear it out with a toothpick.
If the problem is oxidized USB contacts you can possibly clean them lightly with emory paper
